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Features: Scottish Parishes » Historic Shires » Roxburghshire » Smailholm

Smailholm Tower by Martin Dawes
Smailholm Tower, Scottish Borders © 2019, Martin Dawes

SMAILHOLM PARISH

TABLE OF CONTENTS


LOCATION

Location Description:

Smailholm is a parish on the northern border of Roxburghshire. It is bounded around three-fourths of its outline by Berwickshire, and chiefly on the south by Kelso and Makerston. (1867: The Imperial Gazetteer of Scotland, by John Marius Wilson).

Shire, District, and Region Timeline:

  • Shire: Roxburghshire (Before 1707)
  • County: Roxburgh (After 1707)
  • District: Kelso (Before 1930)
  • Landward District: Kelso (1930-1975)
  • Region: Borders (1975-1996)
  • District: Roxburgh (1975-1996)

Cities, Towns, Villages, and Hamlets:

East Third, Smailholm, West Third


PARISH TIMELINE

PRE-REFORMATION GOVERNANCE:

  • Diocese: St Andrews
  • Deanery: Merse

POST-REFORMATION GOVERNANCE:

  • Synod: Merse and Teviotdale
  • Presbytery: Earlston, also called Lauder

PAROCHIAL OVERVIEW:

The church, previous to the Reformation, belonged to the Abbey of Jedburgh. There was here a hospital called Smailholm Spital.

CHURCH OF SCOTLAND CLERGY:

Includes ministers, licentiates, assistants, readers, and clerks.

  • Thomas M'Kenna, 1574
  • John Makennoch, 1578
  • George Home, 1578
  • John Kennedy, 1586
  • David Forsyth, 1593
  • Archibald Oswald, 1595
  • James Hunter, 1598
  • James Logan, 1629
  • Thomas Donaldson, 1640
  • Ninian Paterson, 1671
  • Gideon Brown, 1676
  • John Bell, 1691
  • William Oliphant (or Olipher), 1703
  • James Cunningham, 1710
  • Alexander Duncan, 1743
  • Thomas Cleghorn, 1796
  • David Swan, 1843
  • William Lamb Sime, 1887

(1928: Fasti Ecclesiæ Scoticanæ, by Hew Scott, D. D.)


RECORDS

Parochial Registers:

Parish registers turned over to the Registrar-General, as a result of the Registration of Births, Deaths, and Marriages (Scotland) Act of 1854. The letters B. D. and M. indicate Births (or Baptisms), Deaths (or Burials), and Marriages (or Proclamations of Banns) respectively. Numbers indicate separate volumes or books. Note: These records are by no means complete or without damage; consult the Detailed List of the Old Parochial Registers of Scotland (1872) to learn more about the condition of the records.

  • (1) B. 1648-1819; M. 1701-1819; D. 1784-1819
  • (2) B. M. and D. 1820-54

OPR and RD Numbers
Date RangeNameNumberType
1648-1854Smailholm805OPR
1855-1947Smailholm805RD
1948-1967Kelso and Smailholm793RD
2009Scottish Borders, Kelso821RD
2026Scottish Borders Council; Floors, Makerstoun, Nenthorn and Smailholm Community Council

(2009: Parishes and Registration Districts of Scotland - Old and New, National Records of Scotland)

Local community councils (2026) are provided as a potential source of additional information for settlements within the original boundaries of the parish. (Source)

Population:

Statistics from informal and official censuses

  • 1755: 551
  • 1790: 357
  • 1831: 628
  • 1841: 592
  • 1861: 554
  • 1901: 341
  • 1911: 292

RESIDENTS


Common Surnames:

Brunton, Burrell, Gibson, Hogg, Knox, Muldoon, Robertson, Scott, Thomson, Vallance

Land-owners, teachers, and other professionals:

Note: Names appearing in research materials, other than censuses. Simple names (First name, surname only) have been omitted unless they appear associated with large properties. All women's names, and men's names with occupations, military ranks, or peerage titles are included.

  • George BAILLIE, Esq., of Jerviswood
  • James Henry Robert INNES-KER, Duke of Roxburgh
  • Hugh SCOTT, Esq., of Harden

Other residents:

By the Reverend Dr Alexander Duncan.
"In 1700, the number of inhabitants was 600; in 1743, the examination roll was 457; in 1790 it decreased from that 100. In Dr Webster's report (1755) the number of souls is stated at 551. The number of examinable persons, who are enrolled after they are seven or eight years old is 335; of these 150 are males, and 185 females."
(This section contains excerpts, at times restructured or paraphrased, from an article appearing in Statistical Account of Scotland, Sir John Sinclair, 1791-1799)


NOTES:

Primary Sources:
Statistical Account of Scotland (1791-1799), Volume 3, p. 216
New Statistical Account of Scotland (1834-1845), Volume 3, Section I, p. 141

See Parish Page Sources for all source information and links.


Photo credits: (Featured) Smailholm Tower, Scottish Borders, © 2019 Martin Dawes, used under Creative Commons License CC BY-SA 2.0, (Related Resources) Roxburghshire Locator Map, © 2024, Elianfoo, used under Creative Commons License CC BY-SA 4.0.
Related Resources
Map of Scotland with Roxburghshire highlighted
Location of Roxburghshire
See more maps at Wikimedia Commons
Glossary
  • Burghs:
  • Royal - Towns on royal lands
  • Regality - Towns granted to noblemen/landowners
  • Barony - Towns granted to tenant-in-chief (laird)
  • Police - Towns with elected officials
  • Small - Population under 20,000
  • Large - Population over 20,000
  •  
  • Chapel-of-Ease: Small church for those living far from the main church
  • Collegiate church: See What is a Collegiate Church?
  • Commune kirk: Owned by a larger church
  • Court of Teinds: Controlled funds for support of clergy
  •  
  • Friars:
  • Black - Dominican
  • Grey - Franciscan
  • Red - Trinitarian
  • White - Carmelite
  •  
  • Iron chapel: Building made of corrugated galvanized iron
  •  
  • Landward District: Rural part of a district
  •  
  • Mensal: Source of income to support clergy member (Roman Catholic)
  •  
  • OPR: Old Parochial Register
  •  
  • Pre-Reformation: Before 1560
  • Prebend: Source of income to support a clergy member
  •  
  • QO: Quoad Omnia - Civil and church control
  • QS: Quoad Sacra - Church control only
  •  
  • RD: Registration District - Civil control
  •  
  • Tryst: Large-scale market or fair, particularly for livestock
  •