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Features: Scottish Parishes » Historic Shires » Elginshire » Knockando

Upper Knockando, Cardow, Moray by Ann Harrison
Upper Knockando, Cardow, Moray © 2009 Ann Harrison

KNOCKANDO PARISH

TABLE OF CONTENTS


LOCATION

Location Description:

Knockando is a parish in the south-east of Morayshire. It is bounded by Dallas, Birnie, Rothes, Inveravon, Aberlour, Cromdale, and Edinkillie. (1867: The Imperial Gazetteer of Scotland, by John Marius Wilson).

Shire, District, and Region Timeline:

  • Shire: Elginshire (Before 1707)
  • County: Elgin (After 1707)
  • District: Elgin (Before 1919)
  • County: Moray (1919)
  • District: Moray (After 1919)
  • Landward District: Rothes and Knockando (1930-1975)
  • Region: Highland (1975-1996)
  • District: Moray (1975-1996)

Cities, Towns, Villages, and Hamlets:

Aberlour, Archieston or Archiestown, Blacksboat, Cardow, Carron, Easter Elchies, Knockando, Upper Knockando, Whitehillocks


PARISH TIMELINE

PRE-REFORMATION GOVERNANCE:

  • Diocese: Moray
  • Deanery: Elgin

POST-REFORMATION GOVERNANCE:

  • Synod: Moray
  • Presbytery: Aberlour

PAROCHIAL OVERVIEW:

Before the Reformation Knockando was a vicarage dependent on Inveraven. Elchies was annexed to it before 1625, was disjoined in 1682, and again annexed after 1695. They were again severed in 1912.

Disjoined Quoad Sacra Parishes:
Elchies, or Macallan. Before the Reformation Elchies was a vicarage dependent on Botarie. The church was dedicated to St Colin. A mission station was opened in 1870 and a church built in 1875. Disjoined from Knockando, a quoad sacra parish was erected 9 February 1912.
(1928: Fasti Ecclesiæ Scoticanæ, by Hew Scott, D. D.)

CHURCH OF SCOTLAND CLERGY:

Includes ministers, licentiates, assistants, readers, and clerks.

Knockando (QO)

  • Alexander Gordon, 1573
  • Alexander Sanderson, 1574
  • Farquhar Grant, 1590
  • William Watson, 1623
  • Colin Mackenzie, 1625
  • Gilbert Marshall, 1634
  • William Chalmer, 1641
  • James Gordon, 1670
  • Thomas Grant, 1683
  • Daniel Mackenzie, 1706
  • James Gordon, 1712
  • Hugh Grant, 1727
  • John Dunbar, 1764
  • Francis Grant, 1788
  • Lachlan M'Pherson, 1806
  • William Asher, 1826
  • George Gordon, 1834
  • John Wink, 1840
  • Francis William Grant, 1851
  • John Clark, 1855
  • Thomas Morrison Pirie, 1867
  • Patrick Riddel, 1901

Elchies, or Macallan (QS)

  • Alexander Leslie, 1567
  • William Hay, 1574
  • William Douglas, 1607
  • Alexander Ruddach, 1683
  • Alexander Ironside, 1870
  • James Thomson, 1879
  • Alexander Robertson Grant, 1881
  • George Alexander Selbie, 1883
  • Robert M'Derment, 1884
  • John Kennedy, 1887

(1928: Fasti Ecclesiæ Scoticanæ, by Hew Scott, D. D.)


RECORDS

Parochial Registers:

Parish registers turned over to the Registrar-General, as a result of the Registration of Births, Deaths, and Marriages (Scotland) Act of 1854. The letters B. D. and M. indicate Births (or Baptisms), Deaths (or Burials), and Marriages (or Proclamations of Banns) respectively. Numbers indicate separate volumes or books. Note: These records are by no means complete or without damage; consult the Detailed List of the Old Parochial Registers of Scotland (1872) to learn more about the condition of the records.

  • (1) B. and M. 1699-1819
  • (2) B. 1820-54; M. 1820-49; D. 1826-54

OPR and RD Numbers
Date RangeNameNumberType
1757-1854Knockando139OPR
1855-1971Knockando139RD
1972-1973Knockando282RD
2009Moray, Keith and Upper Speyside295RD
2026Moray Council; Speyside Community Council

(2009: Parishes and Registration Districts of Scotland - Old and New, National Records of Scotland)

Local community councils (2026) are provided as a potential source of additional information for settlements within the original boundaries of the parish. (Source)

Population:

Statistics from informal and official censuses

  • 1755: 1,267
  • 1801: 1,432
  • 1811: 1,332
  • 1821: 1,414
  • 1831: 1,497
  • 1841: 1,676
  • 1861: 1,736
  • 1881: 1,845
  • 1901: 1,756
  • 1911: 1,488

RESIDENTS


Common Surnames:

Cruickshank, Cumming, Gilbert, Grant, Innes, Robertson, Ross, Smith, Stewart, Thomson

Land-owners, teachers, and other professionals:

Note: Names appearing in research materials, other than censuses. Simple names (First name, surname only) have been omitted unless they appear associated with large properties. All women's names, and men's names with occupations, military ranks, or peerage titles are included.

  • George M'Pherson GRANT, Esq., of Ballindalloch, and Invereshie
  • James William GRANT, Esq., of Wester Elchies
  • Lewis Alexander GRANT-OGVILIE, Earl of Seafield, of Easter Elchies

Other residents:

By the Reverend Mr Francis Grant.
"The population is rather less than about 25 years ago, many having gone to Aberdeen. The number of all ages at present is about 1500; of whom 600 are males, and 900 females. The number of souls under 10 is 460, and from 70 to 100 is 36. The Gaelic was generally spoken here till about 50 years ago. The general size of the people is about 5 feet 6 inches, and their complexion black. Many of them are very deficient in industry, but economical. They are fond of a military life, and prefer the Highland regiments. In 1782, there was neither a sufficiency of seed nor bread, and had not Government interfered, numbers must have starved."
(This section contains excerpts, at times restructured or paraphrased, from an article appearing in Statistical Account of Scotland, Sir John Sinclair, 1791-1799)


NOTES:

Primary Sources:
Statistical Account of Scotland (1791-1799), Volume 4, p. 302
New Statistical Account of Scotland (1834-1845), Volume 13, Section II, p. 60

See Parish Page Sources for all source information and links.


Photo credits: (Featured) Looking Towards Upper Knockando, near Cardow, Moray, © 2009 Ann Harrison, used under Creative Commons License CC BY-SA 2.0, (Related Resources) Elginshire Locator Map, © 2025, Elianfoo, used under Creative Commons License CC BY-SA 4.0.
Related Resources
Map of Scotland with Elginshire highlighted
Location of Elginshire
See more maps at Wikimedia Commons
Glossary
  • Burghs:
  • Royal - Towns on royal lands
  • Regality - Towns granted to noblemen/landowners
  • Barony - Towns granted to tenant-in-chief (laird)
  • Police - Towns with elected officials
  • Small - Population under 20,000
  • Large - Population over 20,000
  •  
  • Chapel-of-Ease: Small church for those living far from the main church
  • Collegiate church: See What is a Collegiate Church?
  • Commune kirk: Owned by a larger church
  • Court of Teinds: Controlled funds for support of clergy
  •  
  • Friars:
  • Black - Dominican
  • Grey - Franciscan
  • Red - Trinitarian
  • White - Carmelite
  •  
  • Iron chapel: Building made of corrugated galvanized iron
  •  
  • Landward District: Rural part of a district
  •  
  • Mensal: Source of income to support clergy member (Roman Catholic)
  •  
  • OPR: Old Parochial Register
  •  
  • Pre-Reformation: Before 1560
  • Prebend: Source of income to support a clergy member
  •  
  • QO: Quoad Omnia - Civil and church control
  • QS: Quoad Sacra - Church control only
  •  
  • RD: Registration District - Civil control
  •  
  • Tryst: Large-scale market or fair, particularly for livestock
  •